The Nazi Party
- World War I ended in 1918 with a grisly total of 37 million casualties, including 9 million dead combatants.
- Started as a gang of unemployed soldiers in 1919, and turned into a legal government by 1933.
- The government ended in 1945.
- The Nazi Party is the name given to the National Socialist German Workers' Party by the English.
- It was led by Adolfo Hitler.
- In 1920, Hitler asserted that the party should change its name to The National Socialist German Workers Pary (NSDAP).
- By the time the Nazis were in full power in 1933, their membership had increased to more than 2 million people.
- Loyalty was mandatory and disloyalty (or the perception of disloyalty) resulted in the person being labeled as a resistant and execution was the penalty.
- The power of the Nazis expanded into nearby Austria and Czechoslovakia.
- Nazi Germans surrendered to Allies at the Battle of Berlin in 1945.
Adolf Hitler and Mein Kampf
-Published in 1926
-Original title was "Four and a Half Years of Struggle against Lies, Stupidity, and Cowardice.''
-Most of the book material was fabricated by the author.
-Mein Kampf means 'my struggle'.
-Hitler used the main thesis of "The Jewish Peril
-The book shows Hitler's true character.
-Before Hitler's rise to power, the book sold very slowly.
-After Hitler's rise to power, the book became the Nazi Bible.
-10 million copies of the book sold in Germany after the war.
-The 'sequel' was never published
-Published in 1926
-Original title was "Four and a Half Years of Struggle against Lies, Stupidity, and Cowardice.''
-Most of the book material was fabricated by the author.
-Mein Kampf means 'my struggle'.
-Hitler used the main thesis of "The Jewish Peril
-The book shows Hitler's true character.
-Before Hitler's rise to power, the book sold very slowly.
-After Hitler's rise to power, the book became the Nazi Bible.
-10 million copies of the book sold in Germany after the war.
-The 'sequel' was never published
Persecution of Jews and The Holocaust.
- The Holocaust began in 1933
- Ended when Allies defeated the Nazis in 1945
- Nazis used the term "The Final Solution" to refer to their plans to murder the Jews.
-In 1933, the Jewish Population stood at over nine million.
-Nearly 6 million Jews were killed.
- Jews and other 'undesirable' people were sent to concentration camps.
-Many people were starved or worked to death, shot, or sent into a gas chamber.
- The Official Guiness World Record for the longest time spent living in an attic was set by a Jew who went into hiding there in the 1940s to escape from the Nazis and stayed up there for over fifty years.
-The Holocaust is also known as Shoah.
-Holocaust means "sacrifice by fire".
- The Holocaust began in 1933
- Ended when Allies defeated the Nazis in 1945
- Nazis used the term "The Final Solution" to refer to their plans to murder the Jews.
-In 1933, the Jewish Population stood at over nine million.
-Nearly 6 million Jews were killed.
- Jews and other 'undesirable' people were sent to concentration camps.
-Many people were starved or worked to death, shot, or sent into a gas chamber.
- The Official Guiness World Record for the longest time spent living in an attic was set by a Jew who went into hiding there in the 1940s to escape from the Nazis and stayed up there for over fifty years.
-The Holocaust is also known as Shoah.
-Holocaust means "sacrifice by fire".
Daily Life of the German People during War
-Not many people had refrigerators.
-Only fruit from Britain could be bought.
-Almost every home had a radio.
-Nazis punished anyone who listened to BBC.
-Payphones didn't always work because of bombs.
-People had to write letters to keep in touch.
-Telegrams often brought bad news.
-Children were often left to look after themselves.
-They played in fields or the street.
-Children helped clean up air raids.
-Not many people had refrigerators.
-Only fruit from Britain could be bought.
-Almost every home had a radio.
-Nazis punished anyone who listened to BBC.
-Payphones didn't always work because of bombs.
-People had to write letters to keep in touch.
-Telegrams often brought bad news.
-Children were often left to look after themselves.
-They played in fields or the street.
-Children helped clean up air raids.
The Hitler Youth
-By 1930, Hitler enlisted over 25,000 boys ages 14 and up.
-Existed from 1922-1945.
-The second oldest paramilitary organization Nazi group.
-Made up of young boys aged 14-18.
-The younger boys section was for those aged 10-14.
-In April 1932, it was banned by the chancellor to stop political violence.
-The ban was lifted 2 months later.
-The youth were active in German fire brigades and assisted with recovery efforts.
-By 1943, Nazi leaders began turning the Hitler Youth into a military reserve to replace manpower.
-In 1936, there were 4 million members.
-By 1930, Hitler enlisted over 25,000 boys ages 14 and up.
-Existed from 1922-1945.
-The second oldest paramilitary organization Nazi group.
-Made up of young boys aged 14-18.
-The younger boys section was for those aged 10-14.
-In April 1932, it was banned by the chancellor to stop political violence.
-The ban was lifted 2 months later.
-The youth were active in German fire brigades and assisted with recovery efforts.
-By 1943, Nazi leaders began turning the Hitler Youth into a military reserve to replace manpower.
-In 1936, there were 4 million members.
Effects of Military Air Strikes
-The Battle of Britain is a famous air battle between Germany and Britain.
-Britain won the battle because Germany failed to get air superiority.
-Air strikes are commonly delivered from an aircraft such as fighters or bombers.
-Weapons used can range from machine gun to bombs.
-There is a risk of collateral damage.
-WWII saw the first development of precision-guided munitions.
-Before that, you couldn't aim at a specific area.
-Collateral damage is injuring, killing, or destroying non-combats, allies, or non-military buildings.
-Collateral damage can be advantageous by damaging nearby enemy troops and installations.
-Negative effects are accidental injury of friendly troops and damage to civilian facilities.
-The Battle of Britain is a famous air battle between Germany and Britain.
-Britain won the battle because Germany failed to get air superiority.
-Air strikes are commonly delivered from an aircraft such as fighters or bombers.
-Weapons used can range from machine gun to bombs.
-There is a risk of collateral damage.
-WWII saw the first development of precision-guided munitions.
-Before that, you couldn't aim at a specific area.
-Collateral damage is injuring, killing, or destroying non-combats, allies, or non-military buildings.
-Collateral damage can be advantageous by damaging nearby enemy troops and installations.
-Negative effects are accidental injury of friendly troops and damage to civilian facilities.
Culture, Education, and Art in Germany in WWII
-Two forms of art: Un-German degenerate art and art the represented all the good of Nazi Germany.
-Hitler preferred romantic forms of art.
-The March 1933 Enabling Act gave Hitler the legal basis to enforce his artistic values.
-Propaganda was commonly used in schools to promote loyalty to the Nazis.
-All teachers were vetted by local Nazi officials.
-Children were encouraged to inform authorities if teachers said something anti-Nazi.
-Biology became a study of the different races to prove that racial superiority was a sound belief.
-Girls took domestic science and eugenics.
-Theater companies put on plays to display beliefs.
-In books, the peasant culture was glorified.
-Two forms of art: Un-German degenerate art and art the represented all the good of Nazi Germany.
-Hitler preferred romantic forms of art.
-The March 1933 Enabling Act gave Hitler the legal basis to enforce his artistic values.
-Propaganda was commonly used in schools to promote loyalty to the Nazis.
-All teachers were vetted by local Nazi officials.
-Children were encouraged to inform authorities if teachers said something anti-Nazi.
-Biology became a study of the different races to prove that racial superiority was a sound belief.
-Girls took domestic science and eugenics.
-Theater companies put on plays to display beliefs.
-In books, the peasant culture was glorified.